跟中国做生意，会担心自己的技术被偷走？

中国想要西方的科技，也希望能把自有的技术出口至西方，但关键问题是，中国以外的世界其它地方，是否愿意在该国被认为是“山寨大本营”的前提下与之合作。 位于北京海淀区，也是中国最早形成的科技产业聚落中关村，日前举办了一场年度研讨会，主办单位这回大胆地将“技术移转”做为讨论议题；该场研讨会吸引了超过2,000名听众，包括来自当地政府机关、学术单位的代表，以及欧、美、亚洲其它地区的产业高层。 对中国来说，技术移转对于缩短创新差距十分重要，参与研讨会的中外代表都认为，这是中国官方全球战略的关键。 在某一方面，中国政府积极要求本土技术研发，并为国内科学家与工程师设定了远大的目标，希望在2015年产出200万件专利；在另一方面，中国也敏锐地意识到与西方长期的技术差距，也了解他们无法靠单打独斗来赶上差距。 在两个看似矛盾的知识产权(IP)保护方法中间──内部研发vs.技术移转──有一位中国籍的与会者向座谈专家拋出了一个问题：“到某种程度上我们需要依赖国外的创新？” 中国科技部(Ministry of Science and Technology，MOST)官员Guo Lin Zhou的回答是：“依赖国外所开发的技术是OK的。”他进一步解释，创新可以有三种不同的形式：“第一，区域性创新；第二，整合式创新；以及第三，借来 的、消化过的、重新发明的创新。”

2012中关村论坛年会讨论技术移转话题
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为了迎合中国2020年的创新目标，Guo Lin Zhou补充指出：“我们仍然必须向外国学习，并且借用他们的成果。” 另一位与会专家，北京大学产业技术研究院院长陈东敏，却针对以上科技部官员的说法提出不同意见：“前面说的第三种创新──借来的、消化过的、重新发明的──在其它国家眼里就是侵犯知识产权。” 陈东敏指出，如果中国不接受西方普遍采用的知识产权保护道德观念：“人人都会害怕跟中国做生意，因为会担心自己的技术被偷走。”他强调，中国需要建立可信赖的国际化技术交易平台，鼓励海外的知识产权所有人在中国行销他们的技术。 这场论坛还讨论了其它议题：中国与美国寻求的特定技术；中国可采取的技术移转途径──包括合资企业与授权；为何国际技术移转对中国来说是必须的；以及中国在说服全世界相信其承诺保护知识产权之前，还有哪些障碍需要扫除？ 有太多太多问题，显示这仍是一场强迫推销。 本文授权编译自EE Times，版权所有，谢绝转载 参考英文原文：China IP debate: "Everyone's afraid their tech will be stolen. . ."，by Junko Yoshida

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{pagination} China IP debate: "Everyone's afraid their tech will be stolen. . ." Junko Yoshida A heated debate took place during a Beijing forum over the nettlesome issue of intellectual property rights and what China must do to convince the world that it will honor them. BEIJING – China wants Western technology. It also wants to export its own technology to the West. The key question is whether the rest of the world will be willing to go along given the widely held belief that China is the "knockoff capital of the universe." When Zhongguancun Haidian Science Park, China’s foremost high-tech cluster located in Beijing's Haidian district, held its annual conference here this week, organizers boldly put “technology transfer” at the top of their agenda. More than 2,000 attendees showed up, including Chinese government officials and academics along with executives from the U.S., Europe and elsewhere in Asia. [ARM TechCon 2012, the largest ARM design ecosystem under one roof, is Oct. 30 - Nov. 1 in Santa Clara. Click here to learn more] For China, technology transfer is essential to narrowing the innovation gap. It’s critical to Beijing's global strategy, according to both international and Chinese representatives at the forum. Beijing, on one hand, demands active development of indigenous technologies by setting a lofty national goal for Chinese scientists and engineers to file 2 million patents annually by 2015. Still, China is keenly aware of its chronic technology gap with the West, and knows that it can’t catch up by going it alone. IP rights were a hot topic at the Zhongguancun Haidian Science Park conference. Caught between what seems like two contradictory approaches to IP protection (internal development vs. technology transfer), one Chinese attendee asked the panel (above): “To what extent should we rely on foreign countries for innovations?” Borrowed innovation Guo Lin Zhou, an official at China’s Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), repleid, “It’s OK to rely on technologies developed abroad.” He explained that innovations can come in three different flavors: “First, regional innovation; second, integrated innovation; and the third, borrowed, digested and reinvented innovation.” In order to meet China’s 2020 Innovation goals, he added, “We still have to learn from foreign countries and borrow their practices.” Panelist Dongmin Chen, dean of the school of innovation and entrepreneurship at Pekin University, pounced on the MOST official’s comments: “The third idea for innovation – described as ‘borrowed/digested/reinvented’ – is viewed as infringement of [IP rights] in other countries.” If China does not adopt ethical IPR protections as commonly accepted in the West, Chen explained, “Everyone is afraid of dealing with China because of the fear that his technology is going to get stolen.” He added that China needs to build a credible international technology transfer platform that encourages overseas IP holders to market their technology in China. The Beijing forum also debated: specific technologies sought by China and the United States; routes China can take in technology transfers, including joint ventures and licensing; why international technology transfer is necessary for China; and the hurdles China still needs to clear before convincing the world of China’s commitment to IP protection. Too many, that remains a hard sell.